DASH7 Alliance Protocol Technical Presentation
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Technical Presentation of the 433 MHz based, low power DASH7 Alliance Protocol
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DASH7 Alliance Protocol Technical Presentation
- 2. ISO/IEC 18000-7 The Dash7 Alliance Protocol is based on the ISO/IEC 18000-7 ISO/IEC 18000 is an international standard that describes a series of diverse RFID technologies, each utilizing a unique frequency range. ISO/IEC 18000-7 describes the parameters for active air interface communications at 433 MHz (2008 - 2009) DASH7 Alliance Protocol 2
- 3. DASH7 Alliance Protocol Active RFID Standard for 433 MHz. • • • • Build on top of asynchronous WSN MAC. High level functionality optimized for RFID. Defines full functional RFID tag. Can be extended to non RFID applications. Supports Tag to Tag communication. DASH7 Alliance Protocol is designed to support fixed and mobile nodes that need to upload or retrieve small chunks of information DASH7 Alliance Protocol 3
- 5. OSI Model ZigBee WirelessHart ISA100.11a DASH7 Alliance Protocol IEEE 802.15.4 DASH7 Alliance Protocol 5
- 6. Wireless Available Solutions DASH7 Alliance Protocol 6
- 7. Technology Comparison DASH7 Alliance Protocol 7
- 8. Node Types Transmit Receive Complete Feature set Blinker X X Subcontroller X X X Gateway X X X Always-on Receive X Endpoint Wake-on Scan Cycle DASH7 Alliance Protocol X X X 8
- 9. Spectrum and Modulation Dash 7 band: 433.056 Mhz - 434.784 Mhz • Modulation GFSK • 8 non overlapping normal rate channels (55 kbs) • 7 hi-rate channels (4 non overlapping) (200 kbs) DASH7 Alliance Protocol 9
- 10. DASH7 band available worldwide DASH7 Alliance Protocol 10
- 11. 433MHz band regulations Unlicensed ISM/SRD bands USA/Canada • 260-470 MHz (FCC Part 15.231; 15.205) Europe: • 433.050 - 434.790 MHz (ETSI EN 300 220) DASH7 Alliance Protocol 11
- 12. Frequency vs Range DASH7 Alliance Protocol 12
- 13. Network Topology Star Tree DASH7 Alliance Protocol Mesh 13
- 14. Passive RFID Tags can only be read in the immediate proximity of a reader DASH7 Alliance Protocol 14
- 15. Active RFID Longer range interrogators - Master/Slave DASH7 Alliance Protocol 15
- 16. Mesh WSN Range depends on number of router nodes Congestion - Routing complexity Latency due to propagation through the network Routers need to be powered and add to the overall consumption of the system DASH7 Alliance Protocol 16
- 17. DASH7 Range of Gateway can be extended by subcontrollers Simple routing (2 hops) Subcontrollers need to be powered but only a few are needed Tag-2-Tag communication DASH7 Alliance Protocol 17
- 18. BLAST networking technology Bursty: Data transfer is abrupt and does not include content such as video, audio, or other isochronous forms of data Light: For most applications, packet sizes are limited to 256 bytes. Transmission of multiple, consecutive packets may occur but is generally avoided if possible. Asynchronous: DASH7's main method of communication is by command-response, which by design requires no periodic network "hand-shaking" or synchronization between devices. Stealth: DASH7 does not use discovery beacons, end nodes can chose to respond only to pre-approved devices. Transitive: A DASH7 system of devices is inherently mobile or transitional. Unlike other wireless technologies DASH7 is upload-centric, not download-centric, thus devices do not need to be managed extensively by fixed infrastructure (i.e. base stations) to respond only to pre-approved devices. DASH7 Alliance Protocol 18
- 19. Communication Model Pull Push To obtain spontaneous data DASH7 Alliance Protocol For alarms and periodic data 19
- 20. Asynchronous communication DASH7 supports asynchronous communication using the advertisement protocol DASH7 Alliance Protocol 20
- 21. Query Query based addressing by data content (id, sensor values, location, metadata, …) In contrast to address based addressing in other technologies. I want to know all nodes with a temperature above 15°C All nodes respond with your temperature. I want to know all the person tags within proximity of the LivingRoomNode. All nodes with subnet X send me your RSSI. DASH7 Alliance Protocol 21
- 22. Global & Local Querying Global addressing enables the notification of a big group that a query will shortly follow and then selectively query a local group. 1. Ad-hoc synchronization is used to notify all endnodes of coming query. DASH7 Alliance Protocol 22
- 23. Global & Local Querying 1. Ad-hoc synchronization is used to notify all endnodes of coming query. 2. Global query activates all endnodes with temperature sensor. Others go in sleep mode (red). DASH7 Alliance Protocol 23
- 24. Global & Local Querying 1. Ad-hoc synchronization is used to notify all endnodes of coming query. 2. Global query activates all endnodes with temperature sensor. Others go in sleep mode (red). 3. Local query asks response of all endnodes with T > 25° (yellow). Other go in sleep mode till next local query period (orange). DASH7 Alliance Protocol 24
- 25. Global & Local Querying 1. Ad-hoc synchronization is used to notify all endnodes of coming query. 2. Global query activates all endnodes with temperature sensor. Others go in sleep mode (red). 3. Local query asks response of all endnodes with T > 25° (yellow). Other go in sleep mode till next local query period (orange). 4. Next local query for endnodes with T < 25° and T >10° (yellow). Remaining go in short sleep mode (orange). DASH7 Alliance Protocol 25
- 26. Global & Local Querying 1. Ad-hoc synchronization is used to notify all endnodes of coming query. 2. Global query activates all endnodes with temperature sensor. Others go in sleep mode (red). 3. Local query asks response of all endnodes with T > 25° (yellow). Other go in sleep mode till next local query period (orange). 4. Next local query for endnodes with T < 25° and T >10° (yellow). Remaining go in short sleep mode (orange). 5. Remaining nodes are queried. DASH7 Alliance Protocol 26
- 27. Tag to Tag communication At any time an endnode can communicate to another endnode. E.g. Proximity based events can trigger communication DASH7 Alliance Protocol 27